DEVELOPMENT AND IDENTIFICATION OF COMBINED PAIN ASPECTS IN LOW BACK PAIN: A REVIEW AND ANALYSIS

Penulis

  • Ilmi Friyan Maulana Rumah Sakit Petrokimia Gresik

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55129/jnerscommunity.v13i3.3049

Kata Kunci:

Mixed Pain, Low Back Pain, Clinical Identification

Abstrak

Lower back pain is a commonly occurring health issue and has a significant impact on the financial well-being of patients and their families. In the context of pathophysiology, pain can be classified into three main types: nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, and central sensitization. Although about 85% of lower back pain cases lack a clear primary cause, the impact of this pain is palpable for patients. With the advancement of medical knowledge, the concept of Mixed Pain emerges as an entity where pain arises from a combination of several pathophysiological factors. However, the term "mixed pain" does not yet have a widely accepted formal definition, limiting its usage. Therefore, further investigation is needed regarding clinical indicators related to mixed pain. This is crucial for enhancing the process of identifying the type of pain more accurately, enabling a more rational selection of therapies, and ultimately improving the quality of life for patients experiencing lower back pain. Further research in this field could lead to the development of clearer guidelines for clinically identifying mixed pain, considering various elements of involved pathophysiology. Moreover, a better understanding of mixed pain can facilitate the development of more targeted therapies, with a more personalized and effective approach. Through these efforts, it is hoped that individuals with lower back pain will experience a significant improvement in their quality of life and a reduction in the financial impact caused by this condition, both for patients and their families.

Referensi

Ramdas J dan Jella V. Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain. Int J Adv Med. 2018;5(5):1-4

Traeger AC, Buchbinder R, Elshaug AG, Croft PR, Maher CG. Care for low back pain: can health systems deliver? Bull World Health Organ 2019;97:423–43.

Ravindra VM, Senglaub SS, Rattani A, Dewan MC, Hartl R, Bisson E, dkk. Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease: Estimating Global Incidence and Worldwide Volume. Global Spine Journal. 2018;8(8):784-794.

Meliala L, Pinzon R. Patofisiologi dan penatalaksanaan nyeri punggung bawah. In: Meliala L, editor. Kumpulan Makalah Pain Symposium: Toward Mechanism Based Treatment.

Yogyakarta: Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia; 2004.p.109–16.

Chou R. Low Back Pain. Clinical Evidence. 2010;10:1–4.

National Pharmaceutical Council (NPC) and Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO). Pain: Current Understanding of Assessment, Management, and Treatments. National. Monograph.2001.1-92

Smart KM, Blake C, Staines A, Doody C. Clinical indicators of ‘nociceptive’, ‘peripheral neuropathic’ and ‘central’ mechanisms of musculoskeletal pain. A Delphi suvey of expert clinicians. Elsevier. Manual Therapy 2010;15:80-87

Freynhagen R, Rey R, Argoff C. When to consider “mixed pain� the right questions can make a difference. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2020;36(12):2037-2046.

IASP Terminology: International Association for the Study of Pain. [cite Oktober 2020]. Available from: https://www.iasp- pain.org/Education/Pain

Treede RD. The International Association for the Study of Pain definition of pain: as valid in 2018 as in 1979, but in need of regularly updated footnotes. Pain Reports.2018.p.1-3.

Nijs J, Apeidoorn A, Hallegraeff H, Clark J, Smeets R, Malfliet A, dkk. Low back pain: guidelines for the clinical classification of predominant neuropathic, nociceptive, or central sensitization pain. Pain. 2015;18(3):333–346

Tortora GJ, Derrickson BN. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. Philadelphia: Wiley-Blackwell.2012.

Smart KM, Blake C, Staines A, Thacker M, Doody C. Mechanisms- based classifications of muskuloskeletal pain: Part 3 of 3: Symptoms and signs of nociceptive pain in patients with low back (± leg) pain. Manual Therapy 2012;17:336- 344.

Almeida DC, Kraychete DC. Low back pain – a diagnostic approach. Review Article. Rev Dor. Sao Paulo.2017;18(2):173-177.

St. John Smith E. Advances in Understanding Nociception and Neuropathic Pain. J Neurol. 2018;265:231–238

Leuven K. Pharmacotherapy of low back pain: targeting nociceptive and neuropathic pain components. Current Medical Research and Opinion.2010.

Smart KM, Blake C, Staines A, Thacker M, Doody C. Mechanisms- based classifications of muskuloskeletal pain: Part 2 of 3: Symptoms and signs of peripheral neuropathic pain in patients with low back pain (± leg) pain. 2012. Manual Therapy 17:345-351.

Purwata TE, Sadeli HA, Yudiyanta, Emril DR, Santoso WM, Tama WN. Konsensus Nasional Penatalaksanaan Nyeri. Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia.2019.Ar-Ruzz Media

Smart KM, Blake C, Staines A, Thacker M, Doody C. Mechanisms- based classifications of muskuloskeletal pain: Part 1 of 3: Symptoms and signs of central sensitization in patients with low back (± leg) pain. Manual Therapy. 2012;17:352-357.

Freynhagen R, Parada HA, Calderon- Ospina, Chen J, Emril DR, Fernandez- Villacorta FJ, dkk. Current understanding of the mixed pain concept: a brief narrative review. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2019;35(6);1011-1018.

Orr PM, Shank BC, Black AC. The role of pain classification systems in pain management. Crit Care Nurs Clin N Am.2017;1-12

Abd-Elsayed A, Deer TR. Different Types of Pain. Pain. Springer Nature.2019;15-16

Wilson P, Watson P, Jensen T. Clinical Pain Management chronic

Unduhan

Diterbitkan

23-05-2023

Cara Mengutip

Friyan Maulana, I. (2023). DEVELOPMENT AND IDENTIFICATION OF COMBINED PAIN ASPECTS IN LOW BACK PAIN: A REVIEW AND ANALYSIS. Journals of Ners Community, 14(3), 614–620. https://doi.org/10.55129/jnerscommunity.v13i3.3049