HUBUNGAN PERAN ORANG TUA DENGAN KECEMASAN HOSPITALISASI PADA ANAK PRASEKOLAH

Abstrak

ABSTRAK

 

      Perasaan cemas merupakan dampak hospitalisasi yang dialami anak karena menghadapi stressor yang ada dilingkungan rumah sakit. Peran orang tua diperlukan guna meminimalkan penyebab cemas dengan mengurangi dampak perpisahan, mencegah perasaan kehilangan kontrol dan meminimalkan rasa takut terhadap rasa nyeri (Waley&Wong 2005). Bedasarkan survey awal menunjukkan masih anak prasekolah yang dirawat di rumah sakit mengalami kecemasan (73%).

      Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan adanya hubungan peran orang tua dengan kecemasan hospitalisasi pada anak prasekolah. Desain penelitian analitik korelasional dengan populasi seluruh pasien anak prasekoah di Ruang Paviliun Anak Rumah Sakit Semen Gresik yang mengalami kecemasan pada bulan September 2014. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah consecutive sampling. Variabel independen adalah peran orang tua dan variabel dependennya adalah kecemasan hospitalisasi anak prasekolah. Data penelitian ini adalah hasil jawaban kuisioner dan hasil check list. Data ditabulasi dan dianalisis menggunakan Uji Mean-Withney menggunakan program SPSS PC for Windows versi 16.0.

      Dari hasil penelitian peran orang tua yang dominan adalah sebagai sahabat dan koordinator masing-masing 24.4% dan hasil kecemasan hospitalisasi anak prasekolah sebagian besar mengalami kecemasan ringan sebanyak 15 (53%).

      Hasil uji korelasi Spearman diperoeh nilai 0.704 dengan taraf signifikasi 0.000 (p<0.05). Ini menunjukkan peran orang tua dan kecemasan hospitalisasi pada anak mempunyai hubungan kuat dengan arah korelasi positif. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mempertahankan derajat kesehatan anaknya.

 

Kata Kunci: Peran orang tua, kecemasan hospitalisasi anak prasekolah

 

ABSTRACT

 

       Anxiety is the effect of hospitalization which occurs in children because of stressor which presents in the hospital environment. Parent roles are needed to minimalizethe anxiety factor by decreasing the impact of separation, avoiding the control of feeling lost and minimalizing scary and pain (Waley&Wong, 2005). Based on the initial survey of hospitalization anxiety, the data show that there were still many school-aged children (73%) which was treated in the hospital which considered anxiety.

The purpose of this research was to explain the existence of correlation between parent role and hospitalization anxiety pre-school age children. The design of this research was analytical correlation 2014 which the population is all patients pre-school aged children which have anxiety feeling in Pediatric Paviliun Room Semen Gresik Hospital September. Sampling method which was used is consecutive sampling. The independent variable was the kind of parent role, while the dependent variable was the anxiety level of hospitalization. This research data was the answer of questioners and the result of observation in Child Paviliun Room Semen Gresik Hospital for September 2014. Data were collected and analyzed by using Mean-Whitney which used SPSS program PC for Windows 16.0 Version.

From the result of the research, the dominant parent roles were as best-friend and coordinator with each number 76 (24.4%) and the dominant result of hospitalization anxiety was small-anxiety with number 15 (53%).

The result showed the existence of correlation between parent roles and hospitalization anxiety to pre-school aged children. The research of parent roles with SPSS PC for Windows 16.0 Version was gained 0.705 value with significance level 0.000(p<0.05). This result of research is wished to be able to increase parent roles in maintaining the healthy degree of their children.

 

Keywords: parent roles, hospitalization anxiety, pre-school aged children.